Classification
des espèces rencontrées dans les forêts fraîches et les vallons froids du Toulois en fonction de
trois critères écologiques : lumière, eau du sol, calcaire actif du sol
Lumière :
- Espèces héliophiles : Acer
campestre, Alnus glutinosa, Anthriscus sylvestris, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Atropa
belladonna, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Daphne mezereum,
Epilobium angustifolium, Epilobium montanum, Eupatorium cannabinum, Filipendula ulmaria, Fraxinus excelsior,
Geum urbanum, Heracleum spondylium, Larix decidua, Leucojum vernum, Listera
ovata, Molinia
caerulea subsp. caerulea, Orchis mascula, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Petasites hybridus, Pimpinella major, Pulicaria dysenterica,
Quercus robur, Rumex obtusifolius, Senecio ovatus, Scirpus sylvaticus, Ulmus minor, Urtica dioica,
Valeriana officinalis, Viburnum opulus, Vicia sepium, Viola hirta,
- Espèces photophiles : Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Acer
pseudoplatanus, Adoxa moschatellina, Aegopodium podagraria, Aethusa
cynapium, Ajuga reptans, Alliaria petiolata, Arctium nemorosum, Asarum
europaeum, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Asplenium trichomanes, Anthriscus sylvestris, Atropa belladonna, Campanula trachelium, Carex montana, Carex umbrosa, Carpinus betulus,
Centaurea montana, Cephalanthera longifolia, Cephalanthera rubra,
Convallaria majalis,
Corylus avellana, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna, Cypripedium
calceolus, Daphne laureola, Daphne mezereum, Dipsacus pilosus, Epilobium montanum, Epipactis helleborine, Epipactis leptochila, Eupatorium cannabinum, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Euphorbia dulcis, Filipendula ulmaria, Fraxinus excelsior, Gagea lutea, Galium sylvaticum, Geum urbanum, Glechoma hederacea, Hedera helix, Hepatica nobilis, Heracleum spondylium, Humulus lupulus, Lamium album, Lamium galeobdolon, Lamium maculatum, Lapsana communis, Leucojum vernum, Lilium martagon, Listera ovata, Molinia caerulea subsp. caerulea, Orchis mascula, Ornithogalum pyrenaicum, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Petasites hybridus, Phyteuma spicatum, Picea abies, Pimpinella major, Polygonatum
odoratum, Polypodium interjectum, Pulmonaria montana, Pulmonaria
obscura, Ranunculus auricomus, Ranunculus ficaria, Ranunculus repens, Ribes rubrum, Ribes uva-crispa, Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex sanguineus, Sanicula europaea, Scilla bifolia, Scirpus sylvaticus, Senecio ovatus, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Tilia cordata, Tilia platyphyllos, Urtica dioica, Valeriana officinalis, Viburnum opulus, Vicia sepium, Vinca minor, Viola hirta, Viola mirabilis, Viola reichenbachiana, Viola riviniana,
- Espèces sciaphiles : Actaea spicata, Aegopodium podagraria, Allium ursinum, Arum maculatum, Asarum europaeum, Asplenium trichomanes, Athyrium filx-femina, Campanula trachelium, Carex digitata, Carex montana, Carex sylvatica, Carex umbrosa, Carpinus betulus, Cephalantera damasomium, Circaea lutetiana, Corydalis cava, Corydalis solida, Corylus avellana, Cystopteris fragilis, Daphne laureola, Daphne mezereum, Epipactis helleborine, Epipactis leptochila, Epipactis microphylla, Epipactis purpurata, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Euphorbia dulcis, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Gagea lutea, Gymnocarpium robertianum, Hedera
helix, Epipactis helleborine, Lamium galeobdolon, Lathraea squamaria, Lunaria
rediviva, Lysimachia nemorum, Maianthemum bifolium, Melica uniflora,
Merculiaris perennis, Milium effusum, Neottia nidus-avis, Ornithogalum pyrenaicum, Oxalis acetosella, Paris quadrifolia,
Phyllitis scolopendrium, Phyteuma spicatum, Polygonatum multiflorum, Polypodium vulgare, Prenanthes purpurea, Primula eliator, Pyrola rotundifolia, Ranunculus ficaria, Rumex sanguineus, Sanicula europaea, Senecio ovatus, Silene dioica, Stachys sylvatica, Stellaria nemorum, Ulmus glabra, Vinca minor, Viola mirabilis, Viola reichenbachiana,
Chaleur :
Espèces thermophiles : Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Carex montana,
Eau du sol :
- Espèces xérophiles et xéroclines :
- Espèces mésoxérophiles : Acer campestre, Cephalanthera damasomium, Cephalanthera longifolia, Cephalanthera rubra, Daphne laureola, Merculiaris perennis, Orchis mascula, Viola hirta,
- Espèces mésophiles : Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Ajuga reptans, Arctium nemorosum, Arum maculatum, Asarum europaeum, Anthriscus sylvestris, Athyrium filx-femina,Atropa
belladonna, Campanula trachelium, Carex digitata, Carex montana, Carex sylvatica, Centaurea montana, Convalaria
majalis, Corydalis cava, Corydalis solida, Corylus avellana, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus monogyna,
Cypripedium calceolus, Daphne laureola, Daphne mezereum, Epilobium angustifolium, Epipactis helleborine, Epipactis leptochila, Epipactis microphylla, Epipactis purpurata, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Euphorbia dulcis, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Galium sylvaticum, Geum urbanum, Hedera helix, Hepatica nobilis, Heracleum spondylium, Lamium album, Lamium galeobdolon, Lapsana communis, Lilium martagon, Listera ovata, Lunaria rediviva, Melica uniflora, Merculiaris perennis, Milium effusum, Neottia nidus-avis, Ornithogalum pyrenaicum, Paris quadrifolia, Phyteuma spicatum, Pimpinella major, Polygonatum multiflorum, Prenanthes purpurea, Primula eliator, Pulmonaria montana, Pulmonaria obscura, Pyrola rotundifolia, Ranunculus auricomus, Rumex obtusifolius, Sanicula europaea, Scilla bifolia, Senecio ovatus, Silene dioica, Stellaria holostea, Tilia cordata, Tilia platyphyllos, Ulmus glabra, Valeriana officinalis, Viburnum opulus, Vicia sepium, Vinca minor, Viola hirta, Viola mirabilis, Viola reichenbachiana, Viola riviniana,
- Espèces mésohygrophiles : Acer pseudoplatanus, Alnus glutinosa, Anthriscus sylvestris, Arctium nemorosum, Carex umbrosa, Dipsacus pilosus, Eupatorium cannabinum, Filipendula ulmaria, Fraxinus excelsior, Galium sylvaticum, Geum urbanum, Gymnocarpium robertianum, Heracleum spondylium, Humulus lupulus, Listera ovata, Lunaria rediviva, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Paris quadrifolia, Petasites hybridus, Pimpinella major, Primula eliator, Quercus robur, Ranunculus repens, Ribes rubrum, Rumex sanguineus, Scirpus sylvaticus, Stellaria nemorum, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus minor, Viburnum opulus,
- Espèces hygroclines et hygrophiles: Actaea spicata, Adoxa moschatellina, Aegopodium podagraria, Aethusa cynapium, Ajuga reptans, Alliaria petiolata, Allium ursinum, Arum maculatum, Athyrium filix-femina, Circaea lutetiana, Cystopteris fragilis, Epilobium montanum, Gagea lutea, Galium sylvaticum, Geum urbanum, Glechoma hederacea, Heracleum spondylium, Juncus bufonius, Juncus effusus, Lamium maculatum, Lathraea squamaria, Leucojum vernum, Listera ovata, Lunaria rediviva, Lysimachia nemorum, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Oxalis acetosella, Paris quadrifolia, Petasites hybridus, Phyllitis scolopendrium, Pimpinella major, Polypodium vulgare, Primula eliator, Pulicaria dysenterica, Pyrola rotundifolia, Ranunculus auricomus, Ranunculus ficaria, Ribes uva-crispa, Rumex obtusifolius, Sanicula europaea, Scilla bifolia, Silene dioica, Stachys sylvatica, Stellaria nemorum, Tephroseris helenitis, Urtica dioica,
Calcaire actif du sol :
- Espèces calcicoles et calciclines : Acer campestre, Asplenium ruta-muraria, Cephalanthera longifolia, Cephalanthera rubra, Polypodium interjectum,
- Espèces neutrocalcicoles : Asarum europaeum, Campanula trachelium, Carex digitata, Carex montana, Centaurea montana, Cephalanthera damasomium, Cypripedium calceolus, Daphne laureola, Daphne mezereum, Epipactis leptochila, Epipactis microphylla, Gymnocarpium robertianum, Hepatica nobilis, Merculiaris perennis, Orchis mascula, Pulmonaria montana, Pyrola rotundifolia, Tilia platyphyllos, Valeriana officinalis, Viola mirabilis, Viola hirta,
- Espèces neutrophiles et neutroclines : Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Adoxa moschatellina, Aegopodium podagraria, Aethusa cynapium, Ajuga reptans, Alliaria petiolata, Allium ursinum, Anthriscus sylvestris, Arctium nemorosum, Arum maculatum, Atropa belladonna, Carpinus betulus, Carex sylvatica, Carex umbrosa, Corydalis cava, Corydalis solida, Corylus avellana, Crataegus laevigata, Epilobium angustifolium, Epipactis helleborine, Euphorbia amygdaloides, Euphorbia dulcis, Filipendula ulmaria, Fraxinus excelsior, Gagea lutea, Galium sylvaticum, Geum urbanum, Glechoma hederacea, Hedera helix, Heracleum spondylium, Lamium album, Lamium galeobdolon, Lamium maculatum, Lathraea squamaria, Leucojum vernum, Lilium martagon, Listera ovata, Maianthemum bifolium, Melica uniflora, Milium effusum, Neottia nidus-avis, Ornithogalum pyrenaicum, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Paris quadrifolia, Phyteuma spicatum, Pimpinella major, Polygonatum multiflorum, Primula eliator, Pulmonaria obscura, Quercus robur, Ranunculus auricomus, Ranunculus ficaria, Ribes uva-crispa, Sanicula europaea, Scilla bifolia, Senecio ovatus, Silene dioica, Stachys sylvatica, Stellaria holostea, Stellaria nemorum, Ulmus minor, Urtica dioica, Viburnum opulus, Vicia sepium, Vinca minor, Viola reichenbachiana,
- Espèces acidiclines et acidiphiles : Asplenium adiantum-nigrum, Circaea lutetiana, Epilobium montanum, Epipactis purpurata, Lapsana communis, Lysimachia nemorum, Molinia caerulea subsp. caerulea, Oxalis acetosella, Polypodium vulgare, Prenanthes purpurea, Scirpus sylvaticus, Tephroseris helenitis, Tilia cordata, Veronica officinalis, Viola riviniana,
Espèces pionnières et postpionnières :
Espèces nitroclines : Adoxa
moschatellina, Aegopodium podagraria, Aethusa cynapium, Ajuga reptans,
Alliaria petiolata, Allium ursinum, Anthriscus sylvestris, Arctium nemorosum, Arum maculatum, Atropa belladonna,
Fraxinus excelsior, Gagea lutea, Geum urbanum, Glechoma
hederacea, Heracleum spondylium, Hesperis matronalis, Lamium album, Lamium maculatum, Lathraea squamaria, Leucojum
vernum, Listera ovata, Ornithogalum pyrenaicum, Ornithogalum
umbellatum, Paris quadrifolia, Phyteuma spicatum, Pimpinella major, Primula
eliator, Pulmonaria obscura, Ranunculus auricomus, Ranunculus ficaria, Ribes uva-crispa, Rumex obtusifolius, Scilla bifolia,
Silene dioica, Stachys sylvatica, Ulmus minor, Urtica dioica,